PL-geoid2021: A quasigeoid model for Poland developed using geophysical gravity data inversion technique

Abstract This paper presents the results of research and analyses related to development a new quasigeoid model fitted GNSS/levelling data for area Poland (PL-geoid2021). The was determined employing two procedures based on Geophysical Gravity Inversion technique (GGI method): procedure A consisted determination gravimetric in first step its subsequent fitting second step, B one-step data. Both models were developed using global geopotential SGG-UGM-2 gravity covering Poland, slightly extend beyond Poland's southern northern borders. average adopted as final model. It demonstrated that accuracy had very low dependence reference topographic mass density used. On basis this model, datasets also assessed outliers identified. estimated four datasets, range ± 1.2 1.7 cm, terms standard deviation differences between measured model-determined height anomalies. Due partial lack just Polish border, edge effect analysed. (estimated same way model) ranges from 1.0 cm. should be noted, however, assessment is not fully independent because three sets points used it, build